**Area-Based Fee:** Accounts for the general size and scope of the structure.
**Complexity Add-ons:** Reflect additional engineering effort for specific structural challenges.
**Contingency/Markup:** A small percentage is added for unforeseen minor complexities and general overhead.
This estimate typically includes structural plans and calculations for permitting. It generally excludes site visits, geotechnical investigations, special inspections, or extensive revisions beyond initial design.